Commit 207dd1d23f7 for php.net
commit 207dd1d23f75654f0350d55b246cee40e451645a
Author: Ilia Alshanetsky <ilia@ilia.ws>
Date: Tue Jul 14 14:23:34 2026 -0400
Fix GH-22480: phpdbg use-after-free re-watching a watched variable (#22493)
phpdbg_add_watch_element() frees the passed element and returns the
existing one when the variable is already watched, but several callers
kept using the freed pointer, so re-watching a variable was a
use-after-free in more places than the two reported. Report the duplicate
back through the parse callback and register nothing, and reject a
recursive watch's hashtable element that collides with an existing watch,
at creation and recreation, rather than freeing a still-referenced one. A
recursive watch over an already-array-watched variable now watches only
the root and skips the shared hashtable.
Running the tests under ASAN exposed a second, latent use-after-free at
shutdown: the watch tables are module-scoped but hold request-pool memory,
so under the tracked allocator freeing a watched variable during executor
teardown re-queues an element after the last drain, tracked_free_all frees
the pool, and phpdbg_destroy_watchpoints reads it at module shutdown. Tear
the watch state down in a post_deactivate handler, which runs after the
executor frees values but before the memory manager is torn down.
Dropping watch_006's xfail surfaced a separate pre-existing bug on
large-page platforms: the fault handler rechecks every watchpoint on the
faulting page, so on 16 KB pages a value-only write to an element can
fault the page holding a watched hashtable's own struct and run the
recursive rescan, which re-reported existing elements as freshly added.
Only run that rescan when the element count actually changed.
Fixes GH-22480
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 018f454f57b..c7bee9b7e95 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -340,6 +340,10 @@ PHP NEWS
. Mark Phar::buildFromIterator() base directory argument as a path.
(ndossche)
+- phpdbg:
+ . Fixed GH-22480 (Use-after-free when re-watching an already-watched
+ variable). (iliaal)
+
- Posix:
. Added validity check to the flags argument for posix_access(). (arshidkv12)
diff --git a/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg.c b/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg.c
index 3c0d5e836dd..8cdc1aee9d4 100644
--- a/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg.c
+++ b/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg.c
@@ -239,6 +239,13 @@ static PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(phpdbg) /* {{{ */
return SUCCESS;
} /* }}} */
+static ZEND_MODULE_POST_ZEND_DEACTIVATE_D(phpdbg) /* {{{ */
+{
+ phpdbg_release_watch_elements();
+
+ return SUCCESS;
+} /* }}} */
+
/* {{{ Attempt to set the execution context for phpdbg
If the execution context was set previously it is returned
If the execution context was not set previously boolean true is returned
@@ -681,7 +688,9 @@ static zend_module_entry sapi_phpdbg_module_entry = {
PHP_RSHUTDOWN(phpdbg),
NULL,
PHPDBG_VERSION,
- STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES
+ NO_MODULE_GLOBALS,
+ ZEND_MODULE_POST_ZEND_DEACTIVATE_N(phpdbg),
+ STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES_EX
};
static inline int php_sapi_phpdbg_module_startup(sapi_module_struct *module) /* {{{ */
diff --git a/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.c b/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.c
index b6d5e543a19..ed6e6dfc70b 100644
--- a/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.c
+++ b/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.c
@@ -501,8 +501,39 @@ void phpdbg_free_watch_element(phpdbg_watch_element *element);
void phpdbg_remove_watchpoint(phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch);
void phpdbg_watch_parent_ht(phpdbg_watch_element *element);
-phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_watch_element(phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
+static bool phpdbg_watch_element_collides(void *addr, phpdbg_watchtype type, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
+ phpdbg_watch_element *old;
+ phpdbg_btree_result *res = phpdbg_btree_find(&PHPDBG_G(watchpoint_tree), (zend_ulong) addr);
+
+ if (res) {
+ phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch = res->ptr;
+ if (watch->type == type && (old = zend_hash_find_ptr(&watch->elements, element->str)) && old != element) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (old = zend_hash_find_ptr(&PHPDBG_G(watch_recreation), element->str)) && old != element;
+}
+
+static bool phpdbg_ht_watch_element_collides(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
+ HashTable *ht = HT_FROM_ZVP(zv);
+
+ if (!ht) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return phpdbg_watch_element_collides(HT_WATCH_OFFSET + (char *) ht, WATCH_ON_HASHTABLE, element);
+}
+
+static bool phpdbg_bucket_watch_element_collides(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
+ return phpdbg_watch_element_collides((Bucket *) zv, WATCH_ON_BUCKET, element);
+}
+
+phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_watch_element(phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch, phpdbg_watch_element *element, bool *is_new) {
phpdbg_btree_result *res;
+ if (is_new) {
+ *is_new = true;
+ }
if ((res = phpdbg_btree_find(&PHPDBG_G(watchpoint_tree), (zend_ulong) watch->addr.ptr)) == NULL) {
phpdbg_watchpoint_t *mem = emalloc(sizeof(*mem));
*mem = *watch;
@@ -520,6 +551,9 @@ phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_watch_element(phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch, phpdb
if (element != old_element) {
phpdbg_free_watch_element(element);
}
+ if (is_new) {
+ *is_new = false;
+ }
return old_element;
}
}
@@ -534,25 +568,35 @@ phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_watch_element(phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch, phpdb
return element;
}
-phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element(Bucket *bucket, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
+phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element(Bucket *bucket, phpdbg_watch_element *element, bool *is_new) {
phpdbg_watchpoint_t watch;
phpdbg_set_bucket_watchpoint(bucket, &watch);
- element = phpdbg_add_watch_element(&watch, element);
- phpdbg_watch_parent_ht(element);
- return element;
+ bool added_new;
+ phpdbg_watch_element *added = phpdbg_add_watch_element(&watch, element, &added_new);
+ if (added_new) {
+ phpdbg_watch_parent_ht(added);
+ }
+ if (is_new) {
+ *is_new = added_new;
+ }
+ return added;
}
-phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
+phpdbg_watch_element *phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element, bool *is_new) {
phpdbg_watchpoint_t watch;
HashTable *ht = HT_FROM_ZVP(zv);
+ if (is_new) {
+ *is_new = false;
+ }
+
if (!ht) {
return NULL;
}
element->flags |= Z_TYPE_P(zv) == IS_ARRAY ? PHPDBG_WATCH_ARRAY : PHPDBG_WATCH_OBJECT;
phpdbg_set_ht_watchpoint(ht, &watch);
- return phpdbg_add_watch_element(&watch, element);
+ return phpdbg_add_watch_element(&watch, element, is_new);
}
bool phpdbg_is_recursively_watched(void *ptr, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
@@ -588,8 +632,15 @@ void phpdbg_add_recursive_watch_from_ht(phpdbg_watch_element *element, zend_long
child->parent = element;
child->child = NULL;
child->parent_container = HT_WATCH_HT(element->watch);
- zend_hash_add_ptr(&element->child_container, child->str, child);
- phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, child);
+ if (phpdbg_bucket_watch_element_collides(zv, child)) {
+ phpdbg_free_watch_element(child);
+ return;
+ }
+ bool added_new;
+ phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, child, &added_new);
+ if (added_new) {
+ zend_hash_add_ptr(&element->child_container, child->str, child);
+ }
}
void phpdbg_recurse_watch_element(phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
@@ -627,8 +678,13 @@ void phpdbg_recurse_watch_element(phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
child->child = NULL;
element->child = child;
}
+ if (phpdbg_ht_watch_element_collides(zv, child)) {
+ phpdbg_free_watch_element(child);
+ element->child = NULL;
+ return;
+ }
zend_hash_init(&child->child_container, 8, NULL, NULL, 0);
- phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(zv, child);
+ phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(zv, child, NULL);
} else if (zend_hash_num_elements(&element->child_container) == 0) {
zend_string *str;
zend_long idx;
@@ -727,7 +783,10 @@ bool phpdbg_try_re_adding_watch_element(zval *parent, phpdbg_watch_element *elem
phpdbg_print_watch_diff(WATCH_ON_HASHTABLE, element->str, oldPtr, htPtr);
}
- phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(parent, element);
+ if ((element->flags & PHPDBG_WATCH_RECURSIVE) && phpdbg_ht_watch_element_collides(parent, element)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ element = phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(parent, element, NULL);
} else if ((zv = zend_symtable_find(ht, element->name_in_parent))) {
if (element->flags & PHPDBG_WATCH_IMPLICIT) {
zval *next = zv;
@@ -746,9 +805,11 @@ bool phpdbg_try_re_adding_watch_element(zval *parent, phpdbg_watch_element *elem
phpdbg_print_watch_diff(WATCH_ON_ZVAL, element->str, &element->backup.zv, zv);
}
+ if ((element->flags & PHPDBG_WATCH_RECURSIVE) && phpdbg_bucket_watch_element_collides(zv, element)) {
+ return false;
+ }
element->parent_container = ht;
- phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, element);
- phpdbg_watch_parent_ht(element);
+ element = phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, element, NULL);
} else {
return false;
}
@@ -1010,7 +1071,8 @@ void phpdbg_check_watchpoint(phpdbg_watchpoint_t *watch) {
zend_string *name = NULL;
void *comparePtr;
- if (watch->type == WATCH_ON_HASHTABLE) {
+ if (watch->type == WATCH_ON_HASHTABLE
+ && phpdbg_check_watch_diff(WATCH_ON_HASHTABLE, (char *) &watch->backup.ht + HT_WATCH_OFFSET, watch->addr.ptr)) {
phpdbg_watch_element *element;
zend_string *str;
zend_long idx;
@@ -1248,49 +1310,80 @@ void phpdbg_list_watchpoints(void) {
} ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_END();
}
-static int phpdbg_create_simple_watchpoint(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
- element->flags = PHPDBG_WATCH_SIMPLE;
- phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, element);
- return SUCCESS;
+typedef enum {
+ PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_OK,
+ PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_FAILED,
+ PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_DUPLICATE,
+} phpdbg_watch_add_result;
+
+static phpdbg_watch_add_result phpdbg_create_simple_watchpoint(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element **element) {
+ phpdbg_watch_element *added;
+ (*element)->flags = PHPDBG_WATCH_SIMPLE;
+ bool added_new;
+ added = phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, *element, &added_new);
+ if (!added_new) {
+ *element = added;
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_DUPLICATE;
+ }
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_OK;
}
-static int phpdbg_create_array_watchpoint(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
- phpdbg_watch_element *new;
+static phpdbg_watch_add_result phpdbg_create_array_watchpoint(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element **element_ptr) {
+ phpdbg_watch_element *element = *element_ptr;
+ phpdbg_watch_element *new, *added;
zend_string *str;
zval *orig_zv = zv;
ZVAL_DEREF(zv);
if (Z_TYPE_P(zv) != IS_ARRAY && Z_TYPE_P(zv) != IS_OBJECT) {
- return FAILURE;
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_FAILED;
}
- new = ecalloc(1, sizeof(phpdbg_watch_element));
-
str = strpprintf(0, "%.*s[]", (int) ZSTR_LEN(element->str), ZSTR_VAL(element->str));
zend_string_release(element->str);
element->str = str;
element->flags = PHPDBG_WATCH_IMPLICIT;
- phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) orig_zv, element);
- element->child = new;
+ bool added_new;
+ added = phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) orig_zv, element, &added_new);
+ if (!added_new) {
+ *element_ptr = added;
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_DUPLICATE;
+ }
+ element = added;
+ new = ecalloc(1, sizeof(phpdbg_watch_element));
new->flags = PHPDBG_WATCH_SIMPLE;
new->str = zend_string_copy(str);
new->parent = element;
- phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(zv, new);
- return SUCCESS;
+ added = phpdbg_add_ht_watch_element(zv, new, &added_new);
+ if (added != NULL && !added_new) {
+ phpdbg_clean_watch_element(element);
+ phpdbg_free_watch_element(element);
+ *element_ptr = added;
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_DUPLICATE;
+ }
+ element->child = new;
+ *element_ptr = element;
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_OK;
}
-static int phpdbg_create_recursive_watchpoint(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *element) {
- element->flags = PHPDBG_WATCH_RECURSIVE | PHPDBG_WATCH_RECURSIVE_ROOT;
- element->child = NULL;
- phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, element);
- return SUCCESS;
+static phpdbg_watch_add_result phpdbg_create_recursive_watchpoint(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element **element) {
+ phpdbg_watch_element *added;
+ (*element)->flags = PHPDBG_WATCH_RECURSIVE | PHPDBG_WATCH_RECURSIVE_ROOT;
+ (*element)->child = NULL;
+ bool added_new;
+ added = phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, *element, &added_new);
+ if (!added_new) {
+ *element = added;
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_DUPLICATE;
+ }
+ return PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_OK;
}
-typedef struct { int (*callback)(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element *); zend_string *str; } phpdbg_watch_parse_struct;
+typedef struct { phpdbg_watch_add_result (*callback)(zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_element **); zend_string *str; } phpdbg_watch_parse_struct;
static int phpdbg_watchpoint_parse_wrapper(char *name, size_t namelen, char *key, size_t keylen, HashTable *parent, zval *zv, phpdbg_watch_parse_struct *info) {
- int ret;
+ int ret = SUCCESS;
phpdbg_watch_element *element = ecalloc(1, sizeof(phpdbg_watch_element));
element->str = zend_string_init(name, namelen, 0);
element->name_in_parent = zend_string_init(key, keylen, 0);
@@ -1298,13 +1391,25 @@ static int phpdbg_watchpoint_parse_wrapper(char *name, size_t namelen, char *key
element->parent = PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp);
element->child = NULL;
- ret = info->callback(zv, element);
+ phpdbg_watch_add_result result = info->callback(zv, &element);
efree(name);
efree(key);
- if (ret != SUCCESS) {
+ if (result == PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_FAILED) {
phpdbg_remove_watch_element(element);
+ ret = FAILURE;
+ } else if (result == PHPDBG_WATCH_ADD_DUPLICATE) {
+ phpdbg_notice("%.*s is already being watched", (int) ZSTR_LEN(element->str), ZSTR_VAL(element->str));
+ while (PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp) && PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp)->child == NULL) {
+ phpdbg_watch_element *parent = PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp)->parent;
+ phpdbg_clean_watch_element(PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp));
+ phpdbg_free_watch_element(PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp));
+ if (parent) {
+ parent->child = NULL;
+ }
+ PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp) = parent;
+ }
} else {
if (PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp)) {
PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp)->child = element;
@@ -1346,7 +1451,7 @@ static int phpdbg_watchpoint_parse_step(char *name, size_t namelen, char *key, s
element->name_in_parent = zend_string_init(key, keylen, 0);
element->parent_container = parent;
element->parent = PHPDBG_G(watch_tmp);
- element = phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, element);
+ element = phpdbg_add_bucket_watch_element((Bucket *) zv, element, NULL);
efree(name);
efree(key);
@@ -1359,7 +1464,7 @@ static int phpdbg_watchpoint_parse_step(char *name, size_t namelen, char *key, s
return SUCCESS;
}
-static int phpdbg_watchpoint_parse_symtables(char *input, size_t len, int (*callback)(zval *, phpdbg_watch_element *)) {
+static int phpdbg_watchpoint_parse_symtables(char *input, size_t len, phpdbg_watch_add_result (*callback)(zval *, phpdbg_watch_element **)) {
zend_class_entry *scope = zend_get_executed_scope();
phpdbg_watch_parse_struct info;
int ret;
@@ -1529,6 +1634,37 @@ void phpdbg_destroy_watchpoints(void) {
free(PHPDBG_G(watchlist_mem_backup));
}
+void phpdbg_release_watch_elements(void) {
+ phpdbg_watch_element *element;
+ uint32_t guard;
+
+ ZEND_HASH_MAP_FOREACH_PTR(&PHPDBG_G(watch_recreation), element) {
+ phpdbg_automatic_dequeue_free(element);
+ } ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_END();
+ zend_hash_clean(&PHPDBG_G(watch_recreation));
+
+ guard = zend_hash_num_elements(&PHPDBG_G(watch_elements)) + 1;
+ while (zend_hash_num_elements(&PHPDBG_G(watch_elements)) > 0 && guard-- > 0) {
+ ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_PTR(&PHPDBG_G(watch_elements), element) {
+ phpdbg_remove_watch_element(element);
+ break;
+ } ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_END();
+ }
+ zend_hash_clean(&PHPDBG_G(watch_recreation));
+
+ phpdbg_btree_clean(&PHPDBG_G(watchpoint_tree));
+ phpdbg_btree_clean(&PHPDBG_G(watch_HashTables));
+
+ zend_hash_destroy(&PHPDBG_G(watch_elements));
+ zend_hash_init(&PHPDBG_G(watch_elements), 8, NULL, NULL, 0);
+ zend_hash_destroy(&PHPDBG_G(watch_recreation));
+ zend_hash_init(&PHPDBG_G(watch_recreation), 8, NULL, NULL, 0);
+ zend_hash_destroy(&PHPDBG_G(watch_free));
+ zend_hash_init(&PHPDBG_G(watch_free), 8, NULL, NULL, 0);
+ zend_hash_destroy(&PHPDBG_G(watch_collisions));
+ zend_hash_init(&PHPDBG_G(watch_collisions), 8, NULL, NULL, 0);
+}
+
void phpdbg_purge_watchpoint_tree(void) {
phpdbg_btree_position pos;
phpdbg_btree_result *res;
diff --git a/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.h b/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.h
index 380140fd9f1..e87dd77f054 100644
--- a/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.h
+++ b/sapi/phpdbg/phpdbg_watch.h
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ typedef struct {
void phpdbg_setup_watchpoints(void);
void phpdbg_destroy_watchpoints(void);
+void phpdbg_release_watch_elements(void);
void phpdbg_purge_watchpoint_tree(void);
#ifndef _WIN32
diff --git a/sapi/phpdbg/tests/gh22480.phpt b/sapi/phpdbg/tests/gh22480.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..16559a75f27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sapi/phpdbg/tests/gh22480.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+--TEST--
+GH-22480 (Use-after-free when re-watching an already-watched variable)
+--PHPDBG--
+b 6
+r
+w a $a
+w a $a
+c
+
+q
+--EXPECTF--
+[Successful compilation of %s]
+prompt> [Breakpoint #0 added at %s:6]
+prompt> [Breakpoint #0 at %s:6, hits: 1]
+>00006: $a[0] = 2;
+ 00007:
+ 00008: $a = [0 => 3, 1 => 4];
+prompt> [Added watchpoint #0 for $a[]]
+prompt> [$a[] is already being watched]
+prompt> [Breaking on watchpoint $a[]]
+1 elements were added to the array
+>00009:
+prompt> [$a[] has been removed, removing watchpoint]
+[Script ended normally]
+prompt>
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+$a = [];
+
+$a[0] = 1;
+$a[0] = 2;
+
+$a = [0 => 3, 1 => 4];
diff --git a/sapi/phpdbg/tests/gh22480_2.phpt b/sapi/phpdbg/tests/gh22480_2.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aa6e13dbf8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sapi/phpdbg/tests/gh22480_2.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+--TEST--
+GH-22480 (Use-after-free re-watching a sub-path of a recursive watchpoint)
+--INI--
+opcache.optimization_level=0
+--PHPDBG--
+b 5
+r
+w r $a
+w $a[x]
+c
+q
+--EXPECTF--
+[Successful compilation of %s]
+prompt> [Breakpoint #0 added at %s:5]
+prompt> [Breakpoint #0 at %s:5, hits: 1]
+>00005: $a['x'] = 2;
+ 00006:
+prompt> [Added watchpoint #0 for $a[]]
+prompt> [$a[x] is already being watched]
+prompt> [Breaking on watchpoint $a]
+Old value%s
+New value: Array ([x] => 2)
+>00006:
+prompt> [$a has been removed, removing watchpoint recursively]
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+$a = ['x' => 1];
+
+$a['x'] = 2;
diff --git a/sapi/phpdbg/tests/watch_006.phpt b/sapi/phpdbg/tests/watch_006.phpt
index c5f53a37510..bf38b8eff1f 100644
--- a/sapi/phpdbg/tests/watch_006.phpt
+++ b/sapi/phpdbg/tests/watch_006.phpt
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
--TEST--
Test multiple watch elements pointing to the same watchpoint
---SKIPIF--
-<?php
-die("xfail There may be flaws in the implementation of watchpoints that cause failures");
-if (getenv('SKIP_ASAN')) {
- die("skip intentionally causes segfaults");
-}
-?>
--PHPDBG--
b 4
r