Commit 3ad1ba733 for llama.cpp

commit 3ad1ba7336986d98592d3e28cafd1a406715351f
Author: KnightYao <KnightYao@users.noreply.github.com>
Date:   Sun Sep 6 23:43:58 2026 +0800

    [Model] Support for Spark2_5ForCausalLM  implementation (#27868)

    * Add Spark3 Model
    * rename spark3 -> spark2_5

    Co-authored-by: Sigbjørn Skjæret <sigbjorn.skjaeret@huggingface.co>
    Co-authored-by: dongjiang <dongjiang2010@gmail.com>

diff --git a/conversion/__init__.py b/conversion/__init__.py
index 94d6a49fb..4d58bcd10 100644
--- a/conversion/__init__.py
+++ b/conversion/__init__.py
@@ -255,6 +255,7 @@ TEXT_MODEL_MAP: dict[str, str] = {
     "SeedOssForCausalLM": "olmo",
     "SmallThinkerForCausalLM": "smallthinker",
     "SmolLM3ForCausalLM": "llama",
+    "Spark2_5ForCausalLM": "spark2_5",
     "SolarOpenForCausalLM": "glm",
     "StableLMEpochForCausalLM": "stablelm",
     "StableLmForCausalLM": "stablelm",
diff --git a/conversion/base.py b/conversion/base.py
index c1ecf1c65..dc1083ead 100644
--- a/conversion/base.py
+++ b/conversion/base.py
@@ -1543,6 +1543,9 @@ class TextModel(ModelBase):
         if chkhsh == "9e454714343b69b99b71795c1d27a68c2a1d15dab111f4d353109f966af29da7":
             # ref: https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-8B-A1B
             res = "lfm2"
+        if chkhsh == "0a766d034107bc736a3f2dc4968fd62e54a3570f1454443e0c5a4cc6bd7941ed":
+            # ref: https://huggingface.co/XHToken/Spark-X2.5-1.7B
+            res = "spark2_5"
         if chkhsh == "0ef9807a4087ebef797fc749390439009c3b9eda9ad1a097abbe738f486c01e5":
             # ref: https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B
             res = "llama-bpe"
diff --git a/conversion/spark2_5.py b/conversion/spark2_5.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44a0bd262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/conversion/spark2_5.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from torch import Tensor
+
+from .base import ModelBase, TextModel, gguf
+
+
+@ModelBase.register("Spark2_5ForCausalLM")
+@ModelBase.example("XHToken/Spark-X2.5-1.7B")
+class Spark2_5Model(TextModel):
+    model_arch = gguf.MODEL_ARCH.SPARK2_5
+
+    def set_gguf_parameters(self) -> None:
+        super().set_gguf_parameters()
+
+        hparams = self.hparams
+        layer_types = hparams["layer_types"]
+        if len(layer_types) != self.block_count:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Spark2_5 layer_types length {len(layer_types)} != num_hidden_layers {self.block_count}"
+            )
+        if any(layer_type not in ("sliding_attention", "full_attention") for layer_type in layer_types):
+            raise ValueError(f"Spark2_5 has unsupported layer_types: {layer_types}")
+        if hparams.get("gate_attn_act_mode") != "sigmoid" or hparams.get("headwise_attn_output_gate") is not True:
+            raise ValueError("Spark2_5 conversion requires head-wise sigmoid attention gates")
+        if hparams.get("hidden_act") != "gelu":
+            raise ValueError(f"Spark2_5 conversion requires GELU, got {hparams.get('hidden_act')!r}")
+
+        self.gguf_writer.add_vocab_size(hparams["vocab_size"])
+        self.gguf_writer.add_sliding_window(hparams["sliding_window"])
+        self.gguf_writer.add_sliding_window_pattern(
+            [layer_type == "sliding_attention" for layer_type in layer_types]
+        )
+
+        head_dim = hparams["head_dim"]
+        full_rope = self.rope_parameters["full_attention"]
+        swa_rope = self.rope_parameters["sliding_attention"]
+        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(
+            int(head_dim * float(full_rope["partial_rotary_factor"]))
+        )
+        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count_swa(
+            int(head_dim * float(swa_rope["partial_rotary_factor"]))
+        )
+
+    def modify_tensors(self, data_torch: Tensor, name: str, bid: int | None) -> Iterable[tuple[str, Tensor]]:
+        if name.endswith(".self_attn.q_k_v_proj.weight"):
+            if bid is None:
+                raise ValueError(f"Spark2_5 fused QKV tensor has no block id: {name}")
+            yield self.format_tensor_name(gguf.MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_QKV, bid), data_torch
+            return
+
+        if name.endswith(".self_attn.g_proj.weight"):
+            if bid is None:
+                raise ValueError(f"Spark2_5 attention gate tensor has no block id: {name}")
+            expected = self.hparams["num_attention_heads"]
+            if data_torch.shape[0] != expected:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Spark2_5 layer {bid} attention gate width {data_torch.shape[0]} != head count {expected}"
+                )
+
+        yield from super().modify_tensors(data_torch, name, bid)
diff --git a/convert_hf_to_gguf_update.py b/convert_hf_to_gguf_update.py
index c4141afa6..6af74cd87 100755
--- a/convert_hf_to_gguf_update.py
+++ b/convert_hf_to_gguf_update.py
@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ pre_computed_hashes = [
     {"name": "gpt-2", "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/evilfreelancer/ruGPT3XL", "chkhsh": "0fe1cf6eda062318a1af7270f3331a85c539a01778ff948e24388e949c5282f4"},
     # lfm2 variants
     {"name": "lfm2", "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-8B-A1B", "chkhsh": "9e454714343b69b99b71795c1d27a68c2a1d15dab111f4d353109f966af29da7"},
+    {"name": "spark2_5", "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/XHToken/Spark-X2.5-1.7B", "chkhsh": "0a766d034107bc736a3f2dc4968fd62e54a3570f1454443e0c5a4cc6bd7941ed"},
 ]


diff --git a/docs/autoparser.md b/docs/autoparser.md
index b5e32621d..2a7ea00b4 100644
--- a/docs/autoparser.md
+++ b/docs/autoparser.md
@@ -514,6 +514,7 @@ The following templates have active tests in `tests/test-chat.cpp`:
 | Mistral Small 3.2 | JSON_NATIVE | `[TOOL_CALLS]func[ARGS]{...}` with call ID |
 | Devstral | JSON_NATIVE | `[TOOL_CALLS]func[ARGS]{...}` without call ID |
 | StepFun 3.5 Flash | TAG_WITH_TAGGED | `<function=X><parameter=Y>` format |
+| Spark2.5 | TAG_WITH_TAGGED | `<tool_call>name<arg_key>...<arg_value>...` format |

 ## Adding Support for New Templates

diff --git a/gguf-py/gguf/constants.py b/gguf-py/gguf/constants.py
index 399d31f1d..486f3586d 100644
--- a/gguf-py/gguf/constants.py
+++ b/gguf-py/gguf/constants.py
@@ -619,6 +619,7 @@ class MODEL_ARCH(IntEnum):
     PADDLEOCR        = auto()
     MIMO2            = auto()
     STEP35           = auto()
+    SPARK2_5           = auto()
     LLAMA_EMBED      = auto()
     MAINCODER        = auto()
     KIMI_LINEAR      = auto()
@@ -1373,6 +1374,7 @@ MODEL_ARCH_NAMES: dict[MODEL_ARCH, str] = {
     MODEL_ARCH.PADDLEOCR:        "paddleocr",
     MODEL_ARCH.MIMO2:            "mimo2",
     MODEL_ARCH.STEP35:           "step35",
+    MODEL_ARCH.SPARK2_5:         "spark2_5",
     MODEL_ARCH.LLAMA_EMBED:      "llama-embed",
     MODEL_ARCH.MAINCODER:        "maincoder",
     MODEL_ARCH.KIMI_LINEAR:      "kimi-linear",
@@ -5231,6 +5233,19 @@ MODEL_TENSORS: dict[MODEL_ARCH, list[MODEL_TENSOR]] = {
         MODEL_TENSOR.NEXTN_SHARED_HEAD_HEAD,
         MODEL_TENSOR.NEXTN_SHARED_HEAD_NORM,
     ],
+    MODEL_ARCH.SPARK2_5: [
+        MODEL_TENSOR.TOKEN_EMBD,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.OUTPUT_NORM,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.OUTPUT,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_NORM,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_QKV,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_GATE,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_OUT,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_NORM,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_GATE,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_DOWN,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_UP,
+    ],
     MODEL_ARCH.LLAMA_EMBED: [
         MODEL_TENSOR.TOKEN_EMBD,
         MODEL_TENSOR.OUTPUT_NORM,
diff --git a/models/templates/README.md b/models/templates/README.md
index 3a649b8f4..022a5e278 100644
--- a/models/templates/README.md
+++ b/models/templates/README.md
@@ -23,4 +23,6 @@ These templates can be updated with the following commands:
 ./scripts/get_chat_template.py Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B                               > models/templates/Qwen-Qwen3-0.6B.jinja
 ./scripts/get_chat_template.py zai-org/GLM-4.5                               > models/templates/zai-org-GLM-4.5.jinja
 ./scripts/get_chat_template.py deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3.1                     > models/templates/deepseek-ai-DeepSeek-V3.1.jinja
+./scripts/get_chat_template.py XHToken/Spark-X2.5-1.7B                       > models/templates/Spark2.5.jinja
+./scripts/get_chat_template.py XHToken/Spark-X2.5-4B                         > models/templates/Spark2.5.jinja
 ```
diff --git a/models/templates/Spark2.5.jinja b/models/templates/Spark2.5.jinja
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..54aa34ff2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/models/templates/Spark2.5.jinja
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+{%- if not messages %}
+    {{- raise_exception('No messages provided.') }}
+{%- endif %}
+
+{%- set enable_thinking = enable_thinking | default(true) %}
+
+{#- Render a string or a list of text blocks. -#}
+{%- macro render_content(content, context_name) %}
+    {%- if content is string %}
+        {{- content }}
+    {%- elif content is none or content is undefined %}
+        {{- '' }}
+    {%- elif content is iterable and content is not mapping %}
+        {%- for block in content %}
+            {%- if block.type == 'text' %}
+                {{- block.text }}
+            {%- else %}
+                {{- raise_exception('Unsupported ' ~ context_name ~ ' content block type: ' ~ (block.type | string)) }}
+            {%- endif %}
+        {%- endfor %}
+    {%- else %}
+        {{- raise_exception(context_name ~ ' content must be a string or a list of text blocks') }}
+    {%- endif %}
+{%- endmacro %}
+
+{#- Default system prompt. -#}
+{%- set default_system = 'you are a helpful assistant.' %}
+
+{#- The first message-level system is placed in the initial system block. -#}
+{%- set ns = namespace(initial_system='') %}
+{%- if messages[0].role == 'system' %}
+    {%- set ns.initial_system = render_content(messages[0].content, 'system') %}
+{%- endif %}
+
+{#- System block. -#}
+{{- '<|start▁of▁sentence|><|System|>' + '\n' + default_system }}
+{%- if tools %}
+    {{- '## Tools' + '\n' + 'You have access to the following functions:' + '\n' + '<tools>' }}
+    {%- for tool in tools %}
+        {{- '\n' + tool.function | tojson }}
+    {%- endfor %}
+    {{- '\n' + '</tools>' }}
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if ns.initial_system %}
+    {{- '\n\n' + ns.initial_system }}
+{%- endif %}
+{{- '<|end▁of▁sentence|>' }}
+
+{#- Conversation turns. -#}
+{%- for message in messages %}
+    {%- if message.role == 'system' %}
+        {#- The first system message was consumed by the initial block. -#}
+        {%- if not loop.first %}
+            {{- '<|start▁of▁sentence|><|System|>\n' + render_content(message.content, 'system') + '<|end▁of▁sentence|>' }}
+        {%- endif %}
+    {%- elif message.role == 'user' %}
+        {{- '<|start▁of▁sentence|><|User|>' + render_content(message.content, 'user') + '<|end▁of▁sentence|>' }}
+    {%- elif message.role == 'assistant' %}
+        {%- set assistant_content = render_content(message.content, 'assistant') %}
+        {%- if message.reasoning_content is defined and message.reasoning_content %}
+            {%- set reasoning_content = message.reasoning_content %}
+        {%- else %}
+            {%- set reasoning_content = '' %}
+        {%- endif %}
+        {{- '<|start▁of▁sentence|><|Bot|>' }}
+        {%- if reasoning_content %}
+            {{- '<think>' + reasoning_content + '</think>' }}
+        {%- else %}
+            {{- '</think>' }}
+        {%- endif %}
+        {%- if assistant_content %}
+            {{- assistant_content }}
+        {%- endif %}
+        {%- if message.tool_calls is defined and message.tool_calls is not none %}
+            {%- for tool_call in message.tool_calls %}
+                {%- if tool_call.function.arguments is not mapping %}
+                    {{- raise_exception('tool_call.function.arguments must be a dictionary; normalize JSON strings before apply_chat_template') }}
+                {%- endif %}
+                {%- set args = tool_call.function.arguments %}
+                {{- '<tool_call>' + tool_call.function.name }}
+                {%- for k, v in args.items() %}
+                    {{- '<arg_key>' ~ k ~ '</arg_key><arg_value>' ~ (v if v is string else v | tojson) ~ '</arg_value>' }}
+                {%- endfor %}
+                {{- '</tool_call>' }}
+            {%- endfor %}
+        {%- endif %}
+        {{- '<|end▁of▁sentence|>' }}
+    {%- elif message.role == 'tool' %}
+        {%- if loop.previtem is undefined or loop.previtem.role != 'tool' %}
+            {{- '<|start▁of▁sentence|><|Tool|>' }}
+        {%- endif %}
+        {{- '<tool_response>' ~ message.content ~ '</tool_response>' }}
+        {%- if loop.nextitem is undefined or loop.nextitem.role != 'tool' %}
+            {{- '<|end▁of▁sentence|>' }}
+        {%- endif %}
+    {%- else %}
+        {{- raise_exception('Unsupported message role: ' ~ message.role) }}
+    {%- endif %}
+{%- endfor %}
+
+{#- Generation prompt. -#}
+{%- if add_generation_prompt %}
+    {{- '<|start▁of▁sentence|><|Bot|>' }}
+    {%- if enable_thinking is defined and enable_thinking %}
+        {{- '<think>' }}
+    {%- endif %}
+    {%- if enable_thinking is defined and not enable_thinking %}
+        {{- '</think>' }}
+    {%- endif %}
+{%- endif %}
diff --git a/src/llama-arch.cpp b/src/llama-arch.cpp
index d06be641a..15f651919 100644
--- a/src/llama-arch.cpp
+++ b/src/llama-arch.cpp
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ static const std::map<llm_arch, const char *> LLM_ARCH_NAMES = {
     { LLM_ARCH_PADDLEOCR,        "paddleocr"        },
     { LLM_ARCH_MIMO2,            "mimo2"            },
     { LLM_ARCH_STEP35,           "step35"           },
+    { LLM_ARCH_SPARK2_5,         "spark2_5"         },
     { LLM_ARCH_LLAMA_EMBED,      "llama-embed"      },
     { LLM_ARCH_MAINCODER,        "maincoder"        },
     { LLM_ARCH_KIMI_LINEAR,      "kimi-linear"      },
diff --git a/src/llama-arch.h b/src/llama-arch.h
index 62dfa5d81..f1d173a57 100644
--- a/src/llama-arch.h
+++ b/src/llama-arch.h
@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ enum llm_arch {
     LLM_ARCH_PADDLEOCR,
     LLM_ARCH_MIMO2,
     LLM_ARCH_STEP35,
+    LLM_ARCH_SPARK2_5,
     LLM_ARCH_LLAMA_EMBED,
     LLM_ARCH_MAINCODER,
     LLM_ARCH_KIMI_LINEAR,
diff --git a/src/llama-model-saver.cpp b/src/llama-model-saver.cpp
index df2a46d93..66f8bdec3 100644
--- a/src/llama-model-saver.cpp
+++ b/src/llama-model-saver.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ bool llama_model_saver_supports_arch(llm_arch arch) {
         case LLM_ARCH_APERTUS:
         case LLM_ARCH_MIMO2:
         case LLM_ARCH_STEP35:
+        case LLM_ARCH_SPARK2_5:
         case LLM_ARCH_MUSE_GLIMMER:
         case LLM_ARCH_MELLUM:
         case LLM_ARCH_LAGUNA:
diff --git a/src/llama-model.cpp b/src/llama-model.cpp
index b837e2765..0e0036781 100644
--- a/src/llama-model.cpp
+++ b/src/llama-model.cpp
@@ -338,6 +338,8 @@ static llama_model * llama_model_mapping(llm_arch arch, const llama_model_params
             return new llama_model_kimi_k3(params);
         case LLM_ARCH_STEP35:
             return new llama_model_step35(params);
+        case LLM_ARCH_SPARK2_5:
+            return new llama_model_spark2_5(params);
         default:
             throw std::runtime_error(std::string("unsupported model architecture: '") + llm_arch_name(arch) + "'");
     }
@@ -2999,6 +3001,7 @@ llama_rope_type llama_model_rope_type(const llama_model * model) {
         case LLM_ARCH_QWEN3NEXT:
         case LLM_ARCH_MIMO2:
         case LLM_ARCH_STEP35:
+        case LLM_ARCH_SPARK2_5:
         case LLM_ARCH_TALKIE:
         case LLM_ARCH_MELLUM:
             return LLAMA_ROPE_TYPE_NEOX;
diff --git a/src/llama-vocab.cpp b/src/llama-vocab.cpp
index c0c34cdd8..a69801f08 100644
--- a/src/llama-vocab.cpp
+++ b/src/llama-vocab.cpp
@@ -325,6 +325,14 @@ struct llm_tokenizer_bpe : llm_tokenizer {
                     "[!\"#$%&'()*+,\\-./:;<=>?@\\[\\\\\\]^_`{|}~][A-Za-z]+|[^\r\n\\p{L}\\p{P}\\p{S}]?[\\p{L}\\p{M}]+| ?[\\p{P}\\p{S}]+[\r\n]*|\\s*[\r\n]+|\\s+(?!\\S)|\\s+",
                 };
                 break;
+            case LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_SPARK2_5:
+                regex_exprs = {
+                    "\\p{N}{1,3}",
+                    "[一-龥぀-ゟ゠-ヿ]+",
+                    "[!\"#$%&'()*+,\\-./:;<=>?@\\[\\\\\\]^_`{|}~][A-Za-z]+|[^\r\n\\p{L}\\p{P}\\p{S}]?[\\p{L}\\p{M}]+| ?[\\p{P}\\p{S}]+|[\r\n]|\\s+(?!\\S)|\\s+",
+                    "\\p{N}",
+                };
+                break;
             case LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_YOUTU:
                 regex_exprs = {
                     "[가-힣ㄱ-ㆎ]+|[!…“”‘’—:;,、-〿︰-﹏]+|[ㄅ-ㄯ]+|[一-龥぀-ゟ゠-ヿ]+",
@@ -2170,6 +2178,10 @@ void llama_vocab::impl::load(llama_model_loader & ml, const LLM_KV & kv) {
                     tokenizer_pre == "deepseek-v3") {
                 pre_type = LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_DEEPSEEK3_LLM;
                 clean_spaces = false;
+            } else if (
+                    tokenizer_pre == "spark2_5") {
+                pre_type = LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_SPARK2_5;
+                clean_spaces = false;
             } else if (
                     tokenizer_pre == "youtu") {
                 pre_type = LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_YOUTU;
diff --git a/src/llama-vocab.h b/src/llama-vocab.h
index e02ea78ff..65293c026 100644
--- a/src/llama-vocab.h
+++ b/src/llama-vocab.h
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ enum llama_vocab_pre_type {
     LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_MELLUM2           = 55,
     LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_LAGUNA            = 56,
     LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_HY_V4             = 57,
+    LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_SPARK2_5          = 58,
 };

 struct LLM_KV;
diff --git a/src/models/models.h b/src/models/models.h
index 93a6b3494..50e9a235c 100644
--- a/src/models/models.h
+++ b/src/models/models.h
@@ -2606,3 +2606,16 @@ struct llama_model_step35 : public llama_model_base {

     std::unique_ptr<llm_graph_context> build_arch_graph(const llm_graph_params & params) const override;
 };
+
+
+struct llama_model_spark2_5 : public llama_model_base {
+    llama_model_spark2_5(const struct llama_model_params & params) : llama_model_base(params) {}
+    void load_arch_hparams(llama_model_loader & ml) override;
+    void load_arch_tensors(llama_model_loader & ml) override;
+
+    struct graph : public llm_graph_context {
+        graph(const llama_model & model, const llm_graph_params & params);
+    };
+
+    std::unique_ptr<llm_graph_context> build_arch_graph(const llm_graph_params & params) const override;
+};
diff --git a/src/models/spark2-5.cpp b/src/models/spark2-5.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..107448777
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/models/spark2-5.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#include "models.h"
+
+void llama_model_spark2_5::load_arch_hparams(llama_model_loader & ml) {
+    ml.get_key(LLM_KV_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_RMS_EPS, hparams.f_norm_rms_eps);
+    ml.get_key(LLM_KV_ATTENTION_SLIDING_WINDOW, hparams.n_swa);
+
+    hparams.swa_type = LLAMA_SWA_TYPE_STANDARD;
+    ml.get_arr(LLM_KV_ATTENTION_SLIDING_WINDOW_PATTERN, hparams.is_swa_impl);
+
+    hparams.rope_freq_base_train_swa = hparams.rope_freq_base_train;
+    hparams.rope_freq_scale_train_swa = hparams.rope_freq_scale_train;
+    ml.get_key(LLM_KV_ROPE_FREQ_BASE_SWA, hparams.rope_freq_base_train_swa, false);
+
+    switch (hparams.n_layer()) {
+        case 28: type = LLM_TYPE_1_7B; break;
+        default: type = LLM_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
+void llama_model_spark2_5::load_arch_tensors(llama_model_loader &) {
+    LLAMA_LOAD_LOCALS;
+
+    tok_embd = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_TOKEN_EMBD, "weight"), {n_embd, n_vocab}, 0);
+
+    output_norm = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_OUTPUT_NORM, "weight"), {n_embd}, 0);
+    output = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_OUTPUT, "weight"), {n_embd, n_vocab}, TENSOR_NOT_REQUIRED);
+    if (output == nullptr) {
+        output = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_TOKEN_EMBD, "weight"), {n_embd, n_vocab}, TENSOR_DUPLICATED);
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < n_layer; ++i) {
+        auto & layer = layers[i];
+
+        const int64_t n_head_i = hparams.n_head(i);
+        const int64_t n_head_kv_i = hparams.n_head_kv(i);
+        const int64_t n_embd_q = hparams.n_embd_head_k(i) * n_head_i;
+        const int64_t n_embd_k = hparams.n_embd_head_k(i) * n_head_kv_i;
+        const int64_t n_embd_v = hparams.n_embd_head_v(i) * n_head_kv_i;
+
+        layer.attn_norm = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_NORM, "weight", i), {n_embd}, 0);
+        create_tensor_qkv(layer, i, n_embd, n_embd_q, n_embd_k, n_embd_v, 0);
+        layer.wqkv_gate = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_GATE, "weight", i), {n_embd, n_head_i}, 0);
+        layer.wo = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_OUT, "weight", i), {n_embd_q, n_embd}, 0);
+
+        layer.ffn_norm = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_FFN_NORM, "weight", i), {n_embd}, 0);
+        layer.ffn_gate = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE, "weight", i), {n_embd, n_ff}, 0);
+        layer.ffn_up = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_FFN_UP, "weight", i), {n_embd, n_ff}, 0);
+        layer.ffn_down = create_tensor(tn(LLM_TENSOR_FFN_DOWN, "weight", i), {n_ff, n_embd}, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<llm_graph_context> llama_model_spark2_5::build_arch_graph(const llm_graph_params & params) const {
+    return std::make_unique<graph>(*this, params);
+}
+
+llama_model_spark2_5::graph::graph(const llama_model & model, const llm_graph_params & params) : llm_graph_context(params) {
+    const int64_t n_embd_head = hparams.n_embd_head_v();
+
+    GGML_ASSERT(n_embd_head == hparams.n_embd_head_k());
+    GGML_ASSERT(hparams.swa_type == LLAMA_SWA_TYPE_STANDARD);
+
+    ggml_tensor * inpL = build_inp_embd(model.tok_embd);
+    ggml_tensor * inp_pos = build_inp_pos();
+    auto * inp_attn = build_attn_inp_kv_iswa();
+    ggml_tensor * inp_out_ids = build_inp_out_ids();
+
+    const float kq_scale = 1.0f / sqrtf(float(n_embd_head));
+
+    for (int il = 0; il < n_layer; ++il) {
+        ggml_tensor * inpSA = inpL;
+        ggml_tensor * cur = build_norm(inpL, model.layers[il].attn_norm, nullptr, LLM_NORM_RMS, il);
+        cb(cur, "attn_norm", il);
+
+        const int64_t n_head_i = hparams.n_head(il);
+        const int64_t n_head_kv_i = hparams.n_head_kv(il);
+        const int64_t n_rot_i = hparams.n_rot(il);
+        const float freq_base_i = model.get_rope_freq_base(cparams, il);
+        const float freq_scale_i = model.get_rope_freq_scale(cparams, il);
+
+        ggml_tensor * attn_inp = cur;
+        auto [Qcur, Kcur, Vcur] = build_qkv(model.layers[il], cur, n_embd_head, n_head_i, n_head_kv_i, il);
+
+        Qcur = ggml_rope_ext(ctx0, Qcur, inp_pos, nullptr,
+                n_rot_i, rope_type, n_ctx_orig, freq_base_i, freq_scale_i,
+                ext_factor, attn_factor, beta_fast, beta_slow);
+        Kcur = ggml_rope_ext(ctx0, Kcur, inp_pos, nullptr,
+                n_rot_i, rope_type, n_ctx_orig, freq_base_i, freq_scale_i,
+                ext_factor, attn_factor, beta_fast, beta_slow);
+        cb(Qcur, "Qcur_rope", il);
+        cb(Kcur, "Kcur_rope", il);
+
+        cur = build_attn(inp_attn,
+                nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+                Qcur, Kcur, Vcur, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, kq_scale, il);
+        cb(cur, "attn_out", il);
+
+        ggml_tensor * gate = build_lora_mm(model.layers[il].wqkv_gate, attn_inp);
+        gate = ggml_sigmoid(ctx0, gate);
+        cb(gate, "attn_gate", il);
+
+        const int64_t n_tokens_i = cur->ne[1];
+        cur = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, cur, n_embd_head, n_head_i, n_tokens_i);
+        gate = ggml_reshape_3d(ctx0, gate, 1, n_head_i, n_tokens_i);
+        cur = ggml_mul(ctx0, cur, gate);
+        cur = ggml_reshape_2d(ctx0, cur, n_embd_head * n_head_i, n_tokens_i);
+        cb(cur, "attn_gated", il);
+
+        cur = build_lora_mm(model.layers[il].wo, cur, model.layers[il].wo_s);
+        cb(cur, "attn_out_proj", il);
+
+        if (il == n_layer - 1 && inp_out_ids) {
+            cur = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, cur, inp_out_ids);
+            inpSA = ggml_get_rows(ctx0, inpSA, inp_out_ids);
+        }
+
+        ggml_tensor * ffn_inp = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, inpSA);
+        cb(ffn_inp, "ffn_inp", il);
+
+        cur = build_norm(ffn_inp, model.layers[il].ffn_norm, nullptr, LLM_NORM_RMS, il);
+        cb(cur, "ffn_norm", il);
+
+        cur = build_ffn(cur,
+                model.layers[il].ffn_up, nullptr, nullptr,
+                model.layers[il].ffn_gate, nullptr, nullptr,
+                model.layers[il].ffn_down, nullptr, nullptr,
+                nullptr,
+                LLM_FFN_GELU, LLM_FFN_PAR, il);
+        cb(cur, "ffn_out", il);
+
+        cur = ggml_add(ctx0, cur, ffn_inp);
+        cur = build_cvec(cur, il);
+        cb(cur, "l_out", il);
+
+        inpL = cur;
+    }
+
+    ggml_tensor * cur = build_norm(inpL, model.output_norm, nullptr, LLM_NORM_RMS, -1);
+    cb(cur, "result_norm", -1);
+    res->t_embd = cur;
+
+    cur = build_lora_mm(model.output, cur);
+    cb(cur, "result_output", -1);
+    res->t_logits = cur;
+
+    ggml_build_forward_expand(gf, cur);
+}
diff --git a/tests/test-chat.cpp b/tests/test-chat.cpp
index 7918f0ffc..f27c91e4d 100644
--- a/tests/test-chat.cpp
+++ b/tests/test-chat.cpp
@@ -4405,6 +4405,100 @@ static void test_template_output_peg_parsers(bool detailed_debug) {
             .run();
     }

+    // Spark2.5 uses tagged arguments with forced-open thinking.
+    {
+        auto tst = peg_tester("models/templates/Spark2.5.jinja", detailed_debug);
+
+        tst.test("Hello, world!\nWhat's up?")
+            .enable_thinking(false)
+            .expect(message_assist)
+            .expect_reconstruction()
+            .run();
+
+        tst.test("I'm\nthinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?")
+            .enable_thinking(true)
+            .reasoning_format(COMMON_REASONING_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK)
+            .expect(message_assist_thoughts)
+            .expect_reconstruction()
+            .run();
+
+        tst.test(
+               "<tool_call>special_function"
+               "<arg_key>arg1</arg_key><arg_value>1</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>")
+            .enable_thinking(false)
+            .tools({ special_function_tool })
+            .expect(message_assist_call)
+            .expect_reconstruction()
+            .run();
+
+        tst.test(
+               "I'm\nthinking</think>"
+               "<tool_call>special_function"
+               "<arg_key>arg1</arg_key><arg_value>1</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>")
+            .enable_thinking(true)
+            .reasoning_format(COMMON_REASONING_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK)
+            .tools({ special_function_tool })
+            .expect(message_assist_call_thoughts)
+            .expect_reconstruction()
+            .run();
+
+        tst.test(
+               "<tool_call>special_function"
+               "<arg_key>arg1</arg_key><arg_value>1</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>"
+               "<tool_call>special_function_with_opt"
+               "<arg_key>arg1</arg_key><arg_value>1</arg_value>"
+               "<arg_key>arg2</arg_key><arg_value>2</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>")
+            .enable_thinking(false)
+            .parallel_tool_calls(true)
+            .tools({ special_function_tool, special_function_tool_with_optional_param })
+            .expect_tool_calls({
+                { "special_function", R"({"arg1": 1})", {} },
+                { "special_function_with_opt", R"({"arg1": 1, "arg2": 2})", {} },
+            })
+            .expect_reconstruction()
+            .run();
+
+        tst.test(
+               "Preparing updates."
+               "<tool_call>magic_int"
+               "<arg_key>ref</arg_key><arg_value>42</arg_value>"
+               "<arg_key>name</arg_key><arg_value>上海</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>"
+               "<tool_call>amount"
+               "<arg_key>orig</arg_key><arg_value>2.5</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>"
+               "<tool_call>toggle"
+               "<arg_key>enabled</arg_key><arg_value>true</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>"
+               "<tool_call>set_config"
+               "<arg_key>config</arg_key><arg_value>{\"source\": \"spark\", \"options\": {\"strict\": true}}</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>"
+               "<tool_call>nested_args"
+               "<arg_key>tags</arg_key><arg_value>[\"alpha\", \"测试\"]</arg_value>"
+               "<arg_key>entries</arg_key><arg_value>[{\"id\": 1, \"label\": \"first\"}, {\"id\": 2, \"label\": \"第二\"}]</arg_value>"
+               "</tool_call>"
+               "<tool_call>empty_args"
+               "</tool_call>")
+            .enable_thinking(false)
+            .parallel_tool_calls(true)
+            .tools({ magic_int_tool, amount_tool, toggle_tool, config_tool, nested_args_tool, empty_args_tool })
+            .expect_content("Preparing updates.")
+            .expect_tool_calls({
+                { "magic_int", R"({"ref": 42, "name": "上海"})", {} },
+                { "amount", R"({"orig": 2.5})", {} },
+                { "toggle", R"({"enabled": true})", {} },
+                { "set_config", R"({"config": {"source": "spark", "options": {"strict": true}}})", {} },
+                { "nested_args", R"({"tags": ["alpha", "测试"], "entries": [{"id": 1, "label": "first"}, {"id": 2, "label": "第二"}]})", {} },
+                { "empty_args", "{}", {} },
+            })
+            .expect_reconstruction()
+            .run();
+    }
+
     // Verify the throw path produces a readable error message, not std::out_of_range.
     // #20424 introduced effective_input = generation_prompt + input, but the throw
     // uses input.substr(result.end) where result.end is in effective_input space.
diff --git a/tests/test-llama-archs.cpp b/tests/test-llama-archs.cpp
index 0f3d1c79a..dbed9846f 100644
--- a/tests/test-llama-archs.cpp
+++ b/tests/test-llama-archs.cpp
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ static gguf_context_ptr get_gguf_ctx(const llm_arch arch, const bool moe) {
         ms.add_kv(LLM_KV_ROPE_FREQ_BASE_SWA,              10000.0f);
         // SWA pattern: every 5th layer is full attention (matches E2B layer_types)
         ms.add_kv(LLM_KV_ATTENTION_SLIDING_WINDOW_PATTERN, uint32_t(5));
-    } else if (arch == LLM_ARCH_COHERE2MOE || arch == LLM_ARCH_MIMO2 || arch == LLM_ARCH_STEP35 ||
+    } else if (arch == LLM_ARCH_COHERE2MOE || arch == LLM_ARCH_MIMO2 || arch == LLM_ARCH_STEP35 || arch == LLM_ARCH_SPARK2_5 ||
             arch == LLM_ARCH_MUSE_GLIMMER || arch == LLM_ARCH_GRANITE_SWA || arch == LLM_ARCH_DOTS3NOTE) {
         std::vector<uint32_t> pattern;
         pattern.reserve(n_layer);